"Tuzuk-i-Jahagiri or Memoirs of Jahagir" Translated by Alexander Rogers. As thousands watched the Guru, he entered the river never to be seen again. 15 April 1563 – 30 May 1606) was the first of the two Gurus martyred in the Sikh faith and the fifth of the ten total Sikh Gurus. Thus, Guru Arjan Dev Ji embraced martyrdom on Jeth Sudi 4th (1st Harh) Samvat 1663, (May 16, 1606). He said, "Such is the Will of my God, submit to the Divine Will, move not, stand calm against all woes. He was 18 years old. It was the hottest summer month. Guru Arjan (Punjabi: ???? Bibi Bhani was the daughter of Guru Amar Das, and her husband Jetha Sodhi later came to be known as Guru Ram Das. Jahangir in his memoirs wrote: Pretending to be a spiritual guide, he had won over as devotees many simple-minded Indians and even some ignorant, stupid Muslims by broadcasting his claims to be a saint. ", Crowds watched the Guru standing in the river and having a dip. Guru HarGobind Ji was friendly with Jahangir, according to readings of his life history. Then pour the red hot sand on his head and body." Arjan De… Edited by Henry Beveridge Published by Low Price Publication www.lppindia.com ISBN 81-7536-148-4, 2. The closest we come to a contemporary understanding of Guru Arjan's death from a Sikh account, however, is the twenty-third pauri of the twenty-fourth var of Bhai Gurdas. 0000010670 00000 n The powerful Hindus associated with the Mughal Court, having seen their own power base disappear rapidly under the influence of Guru Arjan, joined the Muslim Ulema in their attempt to influence Jahangir to arrest Guru Arjan - they hoped to plunge a dagger into the heart of Sikhism. He had two brothers: Prithi Chandand Mahadev. Guru Arjan Dev was the first of the two Sikh Gurus to be martyred by a Mughal Emperor. 1385 0 obj <> endobj Accordingly, on the 16 of June of every year since 1606, the Sikhs commemorate the martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev Ji, the fifth Guru and the first Sikh Martyr. startxref $0 to $250,000; $250,000 to $500,000; $500,000 to $1,000,000 Guru Arjan Sahib was martyred as per the orders of Emperor Jahangir on 30 May 1606. He bore all this calmly. The Guru was made to sit on a burning hot sheet while boiling hot sand was poured over his body. 0000001927 00000 n I cannot bear to see these horrors inflicted on thee. If you permit me, I would demolish this tyrant rule" (Mian Mir is said to have possessed supernatural powers at that time). Various Sikh chroniclers give his birth year as 1553 or 1563, the latter is accepted by scholarly consensus as the actual year of birth with 15 April as the accepted birth date. This page was last edited on 22 October 2018, at 11:27. The inhuman torture and finally death of Shri Guru Arjan Dev was planned out by Jahangir himself. 0000000016 00000 n He remained absorbed in the sweet remembrance of Waheguru and repeated, "All is happening, O Waheguru, according to Thy Will. He did not attach any importance to his physical mortal existence or desire for any reward after death. He was the leader of the Sikhs for 25 years and achieved much during his reign. Guru Arjan spent the first 11 years of … "Guru Arjan, Fifth in succession, was the first Guru born as a Sikh. Guru Arjan Dev Ji sowed the seed of martyrdom, which became the heritage of the Sikhs. 0000004676 00000 n 0000006240 00000 n Guru Arjan, 1563-1606 Guru Arjan was the fifth Sikh Guru and the first Sikh martyr: he gave up his life for the Sikh people. Chandu reveled at the thought that the Guru's body, full of blisters, would undergo greater pain when dipped in cold water and so he permitted him to bathe in the river. This is what Emperor Jahangir had written in his diary the "Tuzuk-i-Jahagiri" ("Memoirs of Jahangir"): (Was this only Jahangir's bragging over the death of Guru Arjan Dev Ji, trying to 'steal' some of the Guru's power, by claiming to have killed him? Two Sikh leaders, Guru Arjan and Guru Tegh Bahadur, were executed by order of the reigning Mughal emperor on grounds of political opposition. Diwan Chandu Shah, who had finally warmed to the marriage of his daughter with Guru Arjan's son HarGobind, became inflamed at the rejection of his proposal by Guru Arjan Dev Ji. The Guru replied, "I bear all this torture to set an example to the Teachers of the True Name, that they may not lose patience or rail against God in affliction. Facing the Lahore Fort, this small gurudwara with a golden dome marks the spot where Guru Arjan took a dip in River Ravi and is believed to have died. Muslim Emperor Jahangir sentenced Guru Arjan to death. He gave orders to Murtaza Khan, the governor of Lahore, to confiscate Guru Arjan’s “possessions and goods” and to execute him according to yasa siyasat. SGGS:809) 'Death hovers over his head, laughing, but the beast (foolish human being) does not understand. St James Plantation Real Estate. When Jahangir heard this news he was shocked and he is said to have issued an order for the death of Chandu Shah. 1411 0 obj<>stream 0000000874 00000 n History of the Panjab, Syad Muhammad Latif, Published by: Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana, Punjab, India ISBN 81-7096-245-5. The Guru was cruelly tortured. Guru Sahib said, "All is happening in accordance with the will of Waheguru. Guru Arjan Dev elevated the concept of martyrdom to new heights. He was born in Sarai Matta, India. On the fateful day of June 16, 1606, the tyrant Jahangir ordered the arrest of Guru Arjan Dev and punished him with death. When Mian Mir saw the ghastly scene, he cried out and said, "O Master! He was 18 years old. Guru Arjan was appointed the Fifth Guru in 1581, upon the death of his father. During the Guruship of Guru Arjan, many thousands of the native people began to follow the teachings of Sikhism. Thou art Wonderful - Martyr, the greatest. %PDF-1.6 %���� The Mughal clergy, who had persistently chafed Akbar for his tolerance, grew increasingly irate at the popularity of the Sikh Gurus and the growth of their following. From that time on, the Sikhs, recognizing that they would be subject to further persecution by Mughal rulers, became more militaristic. A turning point for Sikhism. 0000002698 00000 n Without examples to guide them, ordinary people's minds would tremble in the midst of suffering." Guru Arjan Dev appointed Hargobind as his successor on 25 May 1606 and was killed a few days later on 30 May. On 16 June 1606, the Mughal Emperor Jahangir ordered that Guru Arjan Dev Ji, the fifth Sikh Guru be tortured and sentenced to death after the Guru had refused to stop preaching his message of God as started by Guru Nanak Dev Ji. The martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev Ji radically changed the entire character of Sikhism from a passive people to courageous saint soldiers. 0000005145 00000 n Guru Arjan Dev was the fifth of the ten Sikh Gurus. Guru Arjan refused and was tortured to death. He remained immersed in Simran and repeated from his lips, "Waheguru, Waheguru, Waheguru..." and sang Shabads from the Gurbani. 0000001263 00000 n Guru Arjan Dev was the fifth of the ten Sikh Gurus. Guru Arjan's birthplace site is now memorialized as the Gurdwara Chaubara Sahib. He had his men fill the vessel with water and ordered a fire to be lit underneath it. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Guru Arjan was born in Goindval to Bibi Bhani and Jetha Sodhi. Again, the Guru felt no pain, nor did he cry out, sigh, or feel anger. Khusrau was seen as a very fitting emperor of India by Akbar and many other nobles of the court, more so than the wine- and opium-loving Jahangir, However, in the war of succession, Jahangir had won all of Hindustan and Khusrau retained only Punjab. Guru Arjan Dev was not given anything to eat or drink. Based upon the criteria noted above it is clear that the entire pauri presents the Guru's life and death as that of a hero. He kept thinking of Waheguru and doing Simran. “Due to the Covid-19 virus, the Sikh community will mark the death anniversaries of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Guru Arjan Dev in the most simple manner,” said Sardar Amir Singh, Secretary-General, Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee. St. James NC Homes for Sale. 0000007964 00000 n On the third day, Chandu Shah ordered, "Make some sand red hot in iron pans. Murtaza Khan was never heard of again and Jahangir's diary never even mentions Guru HarGobind.). 0000002824 00000 n The boiling water made the Guru's flesh soft and his body blistered for the length of the torture. He was made to sit on a burning hot plate after which red hot sand was poured over his head and body. Guru Arjun Dev is martyred at the hand of the Mughals and names his son, Har Govind, to be his successor. The Guru was made to sit on a burning hot sheet while boiling hot sand was poured over his body. Men who stand for Truth have to suffer often. The Guru was made to sit on a burning hot sheet while boiling hot sand was poured over his body. Completes Amritsar: 1604, Guru Arjun Dev completes construction of the Sarovar and the building of Harmandir Sahib, known as the Golden Temple in present-day Amritsar, India. But Shri Guru Arjan Dev failed all his missions of getting converted to Islam, instead he chose a courageous martyrdom for himself! Let’s us examine how he felt about Guru Arjan Dev Ji. In June 1606, the Mughal Emperor Jahangir ordered Guru Arjan be tortured and killed after the Guru refused to stop preaching his message of God as started by Guru Nanak. 0000007030 00000 n In addition, many Hindus and Muslims, including Muslim converts, were crowding into Goindwal (the center of the Sikh faith during the late 1500s), where they too soon became Sikhs. He proved himself an original thinker, illustrious poet, practical philosopher, great organiser, eminent statesman, shining sage, saint and seer, composer of music, scholar, founder of tanks and towns, embodiment of love, humility and service, and the first martyr to faith. Guru Arjan's martyrdom. On the fifth day, Chandu Shah thought to suffocate him in a fresh cowhide, in which he was to be sewn up. Instead, Chandu was turned over to Guru HarGobind who turned him over to Sikh followers who happily arranged for Chandu Shah's death. Guru Arjan ([ɡʊru əɾdʒən]; 15 April 1563 – 30 May 1606) was the first martyr of the Sikh faith and the fifth of the ten Sikh Gurus, who compiled the first official edition of the Sikh scripture called the Adi Granth, … One of the most visible, tangible and iconic contributions of Guru Arjan Dev is that he was the one who conceived of and began the construction of Harmandir Sahib, or the Golden Temple, in Amritsar. Instead the Guru asked for a bath in the Ravi River which flowed along the walls of the city of Lahore. 0000003519 00000 n After enduring five days of unrelenting torture, Guru Arjan Dev Ji … %%EOF Guru Ji's body was blistered and burnt, as he was subjected to unrelenting torture. The soldiers were sent to escort the Guru and his disciples saw him leaving. They accused the Sikh Granth of defaming the Hindu and Muslim religions and produced the claim that Jahangir's son and rival, the rebellious Khusrau, was aided by Guru Arjan. What is also significant here is the nature of the execution. Guru Arjan Dev sat calm and quite, without a cry or sigh, feeling no pain. He felt no pain, nor did he cry out or even sigh. Guru Arjan's execution by Mughal authorities is the most controversial issue in Sikh history. Guru Arjan was born on April 15, 1563 in Goindval, Indian, is Fifth Sikh Guru. 1385 27 Death: Lahore of modern-day Pakistan – June 16, 1606. [g??u? Most historians of Mughal India look at this event from a political angle, while most Sikh scholars view it as only the first of a long series of religious persecutions suffered by the Sikhs at the hands of Mughal authorities. It is said that Mian Mir saw Angels begging the Guru's permission to destroy the wicked and the proud. When Guru Arjan died at the hands of the Mughals in Lahore, the ‘pothi’ was passed on to the grandfather as the sole and true inheritor. 0000004055 00000 n Martyrdom of Guru Arjan in the eyes of non-Sikh historians, https://www.sikhiwiki.org/index.php?title=Martyrdom_of_Guru_Arjan&oldid=116088, 1. But Guru Arjan Dev kept calm and quiet. The time passed to the third generation from Jahangir and the sixth from his great grandfather Babar to Aurangzeb. He looked at them, and still forbade any action. The manner in which he was killed has no parallel in the history. But Guru HarGobind Ji knew that Jahangir gave the orders against Guru Arjan Dev Ji because he had been misguided by Diwan Chandu Shah. This was the execution of Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh Guru. For five days, the Guru is said to have been tortured. Guru Angad (1504-1552) Guru Angad is the second Sikh Guru. Go, brother. Guru Arjan Dev was dead against making alterations in the hymns as required by Jahangir and instead preferred a martyr’s death. He was made to sit on a red hot iron sheet. <]>> It scalded the Guru's body, but Guru Arjan Dev sat calmly and quietly. Jahangir, with his own jealousies, promptly obliged the enemies of the Guru and many baseless allegations were brought against both Sikhism and the Guru. 0000001611 00000 n 0000002069 00000 n He felt no anger against those who were torturing him. On 16 June 1606, the Mughal Emperor Jahangir ordered that Guru Arjan Dev Ji, the fifth Sikh Guru be tortured and sentenced to death after the Guru had refused to stop preaching his message of God as started by Guru Nanak Dev Ji. Guru Ji repeated: His friend and devotee, Mian Mir, a Muslim saint, rushed to see him. 0000001471 00000 n On the fourth day, the Guru was made to sit on a plate of iron that was heated from below until it became red hot. The water boiled the Guru's flesh from below while the burning red hot sand burned the Guru's head and body from above. On the following day, Chandu Shah made the Guru sit in a large copper cauldron. ??d???n?]) In fact, written history and oral tradition seems to back up the fact that Murtaza Khan (influenced heavily by Chandu Shah) was left to decide Guru Arjan's punishment and it is even believed that Jahangir turned Chandu Shah over to Guru HarGobind for his role in the torture and death of his father Guru Arjan Dev. Born on 15 April 1563 to Guru Ramdas and Bibi Bhani, Arjan Dev was chosen by his father as his successor even though he was the youngest son. Their sufferings give strength to the cause of Truth. Then, scalding hot sand was poured over his body. Like Jesus’ crucifixion, it was iconic: the image of the Guru, absorbed in deep meditation as he sits on a burning pan, is forever impressed in the collective psyche and imagination of the Sikhs and adorns … They felt very uncomfortable because of the heat. This led to his execution. His disciples cried, "Hail to the Master! 0000004598 00000 n ", Mian Mir asked, "Why are you enduring suffering at the hands of these vile sinners when I possess superpowers?". 0000005557 00000 n Accordingly, in late May of 1606, Guru Arjan Dev was arrested and brought to Lahore where he was subjected to severe torture. 0000004552 00000 n On 16 June 1606, the Mughal Emperor Jahangir ordered that Guru Arjan Dev Ji, the fifth Sikh Guru be tortured and sentenced to death after the Guru had refused to stop preaching his message of God as started by Guru Nanak Dev Ji. His … bwd swd AhMkwr mih mrxw nhI sUJY ] Guru Arjan Dev. The true test of faith is in the hour of misery. After enduring five days of unrelenting torture, Guru Arjan Dev Ji was taken for a bath in the river. The Guru smiled and asked Mian Mir to look towards the skies. 0000009785 00000 n As thousands watched he entered the river, never to be seen again. Entangled in conflict, pleasure and egotism, human beings do not even think of death.' 0000008852 00000 n Murtaza Khan immediately jailed the Guru, and ordered the Guru Arjan to be tortured to death if he did not agree to remove the alleged derogatory references in the Holy Granth. Seat the Guru in boiling water. Death and Holy Persons It is said that Mian Mir (a Muslim Sufi Saint and friend of Guru Sahib) tried to intercede on behalf of the Guru, but Guru Ji forbade him to interfere, saying that it is the "Will of the Almighty". 0000002446 00000 n Pray for the success of my cause. Guru Arjan’s death was no ordinary death. ???? Guru Hargobind (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਹਰਿਗੋਬਿੰਦ, pronunciation: [gʊɾuː ɦəɾgoːbɪn̯d̯ᵊ], 19 June 1595 – 28 February 1644), revered as the sixth Nanak, was the sixth of ten Gurus of the Sikh religion.He had become Guru at the young age of eleven, after the execution of his father, Guru Arjan… The Guru was made to sit on a burning hot sheet while boiling hot sand was poured… Guru Arjan [2] [3] (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਅਰਜਨ [gʊɾuː əɾd͡ʒənᵊ]) 15 April 1563 – 30 May 1606) [1] was the first of the two Gurus martyred in the Sikh faith and the fifth of the ten total Sikh Gurus.He compiled the first official edition of the Sikh scripture called the Adi Granth, which later expanded into the Guru … number of doors in a Gurdwara symbolising God is everywhere and equality of all Sikhs who worship there. If Jahangir killed Guru Arjun Dev, then why they became friends is knowledge to which only Guru HarGobind was privy. He went to Jahangir and "filled his ear with poison against the Guru.". His martyrdom was a significant turning point in the history of Sikhism. Named Jahangir, meaning "world-conqueror", Akbar's son was a Muslim fundamentalist who was very taken with the idea of turning the entirety of Hindustan (the name of the Mughal kingdom in Northwestern India) into an Islamic State. He compiled the first official edition of the Sikh scripture called the Adi Granth, which later expanded into the Guru Granth Sahib. Guru Arjan’s blessings to the rebel Prince Khusrau (/Khusraw) as an indication of his involvement with the movement attempting to put the prince on the throne rather than his father. There is no mention (in all of Sikh History) of the Guru's houses, dwelling-places, and children ever being seized by Murtaza Khan. 0000005804 00000 n Thou art the Greatest!". He sacrificed his life knowingly and voluntarily for selfless and noble causes such as truth, righteousness, freedom of belief and resistance to tyranny. four. 0000002950 00000 n Light blended with Light and the body was nowehere to be found. Guru Arjan being pronounced as fifth Guru. He became the first martyr of Sikh faith when he was arrested under the orders of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir and tortured to death when he refused to convert to Islam. Before his death Guru Arjan Dev realized the dangers posed by the Mughals to the Sikh community and advised his son to train the Sikhs in martial arts and build a strong army. Upon hearing this, Mian Mir departed, commending the Guru's fortitude and singing his praises. The 10th and last Guru, Gobind Singh, before his death (1708) declared the end of the succession of personal Gurus. Before the arrest, torture, and martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev, the Sikhs had nothing to do with weapons or violence, as all the Sikh Gurus had taught the message of compassion, love, dedication, hard work, worship of one God, and the commitment to peace and harmony for all the peoples of the world. 0 1��LE�Jt 0000002572 00000 n He sat with his mind fixed on Waheguru, living the message of Gurbani as he accepted the Will of Waheguru sweetly. �ݬ;���-�[ސ���{[��Յ̋�F�$r�v�FJ��� �����xbV�l�^2a��#n�cN��_��G��ɭ�>� l����z��}��^�Ɓ���[�ⓡaj�$Y���SݝQ�ͭ��I��h���:� �. xref After the death of Akbar in 1605, they saw their best chance at destroying the Sikh institution in Akbar's eldest son. They poured burning hot sand on his body. 0000004297 00000 n Pray for me. He was not allowed to sleep at night and was kept awake. trailer The persons engaged in torturing him were wet with sweat. The water began to get hot and after some time, the water began to boil. Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru, raised the Adi Granth to the status of a permanent Guru and conferred it the title of “Guru of the Sikhs” in 1708. St. James Homes. It is very precise and in few words, but those words speak a lot about the mind set of Jahangir, who hated the beliefs of this land to the core. Yet tradition takes this conclusion one step further. According to some historical sources, it is said that Guru Arjan Dev Ji's 6 days of torture took place at Diwan Chandu Shah's residence. After several days, Guru Arjan Dev was allowed to take a cooling bath nearby in the Ravi River. Thy Will is ever sweet to me.". Before this Sikhs were mostly involved in religious and social matters. Pray for victory to truth. The decision may have led to disputes, but what is undisputed is the fifth guru’s legacy. Torturing him were wet with sweat O Waheguru, according to Thy is. He cry out, sigh, or feel anger Price Publication www.lppindia.com ISBN 81-7536-148-4,.. 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